International Studies
Grammar resources
Vocabulary List
- Age of Enlightenment
- A cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in late 17th- and 18th-century Europe emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition.
- anthropology
- the study of humans, their origins, physical characteristics, institutions, religious beliefs, social r
- argumentation
- the process of reasoning methodically
- biology
- the study of living organisms, including their structure, functioning, evolution, distribution, and interrelationships
- border
- The line that separates one country, state, province, etc., from another.
- capitalism
- an economic system based on the private ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange
- civilization
- An advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached.
- communication
- the act or an instance of communicating; the imparting or exchange of information, ideas, or feelings
- criminology
- the scientific study of crime, criminal behaviour, law enforcement, etc.
- culture
- the total of the inherited ideas, beliefs, values, and knowledge, which constitute the shared bases of social action
- currency
- Any form of money issued by a government or central bank and used as legal tender and a basis for trade.
- developing nation
- A country with low levels of well-being, as measurade by economic, social and technogical sophistication
- division of labour
- The specialization of Labour economics who perform specific tasks and roles.
- economy
- the complex of human activities concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services
- ethnocentrism
- The belief in the inherent superiority of one's own ethnic group or culture.
- fee
- A sum paid or charged for a service.
- feminism
- The doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men.
- foreign policy
- Policies of the federal government directed to matters beyond its borders, especially relations with another countries.
- free enterprise
- The liberty of private businesses to operate competitively, for profit, and without gouvernment controls.
- free speech
- The liberties to speech, press, assembly, and petition that are protected by the Constitution.
- geography
- the study of the natural features of the earth's surface, including topography, climate, soil, vegetation, etc.,
- glass ceiling
- The unspoken and unwritten limit on promotion and pay within an organization that a woman/minority main attain.
- hate crime
- Violent acts aimed at individuals because they are members of a minority group.
- health
- the condition of any unit, society, etc.
- higher education
- An optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after secondary education.
- history
- all that is preserved or remembered of the past, esp. in written form
- humanitarian aid
- Humanitarian aid is material or logistical assistance provided for humanitarian purposes, typically in response to humanitarian crises including natural disaster and man-made disaster.
- humanity
- The quality or condition of being human; human nature.
- hypothesis
- a suggested explanation for a group of facts or phenomena, either accepted as a basis for further verification (working hypothesis) or accepted as likely to be true
- identity
- the state of having unique identifying characteristics held by no other person or thing
- identity
- The condition of being oneself or itself, and not another.
- immigration
- Immigration is the movement of people into another country or region to which they are not native in order to settle there. Immigration is a result of a number of factors, including economic and/or political reasons, family re-unification, natural disasters or the wish to change one's surroundings voluntarily.
- individual
- a single person, esp. when regarded as distinct from others
- international development
- International development or global development is a wide concept concerning level of development on international scale.
- kinship
- The network of social relationships that link individuals through common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.
- life expectancy
- The number of years that a newborn in a particular society can expect to live.
- lifestyle
- The habits, attitudes, tastes, moral standards, economic level, etc., that together constitute the mode of living of an individual or group.
- methodology
- a set or system of methods, principles, and rules for regulating a given discipline, as in the arts or sciences.
- nationalization
- The process of taking a private industry or private assets into public ownership by a national government or state.
- naturalism
- The view of the world that takes account only of natural elements and forces, excluding the supernatural or spiritual.
- objectivity
- detachment, disinterest, disinterestedness, dispassion, equitableness, impartiality, impersonality
- observation
- detailed examination of phenomena prior to analysis, diagnosis, or interpretation
- open-mindedness
- Receptiveness to new ideas.
- politics
- the complex or aggregate of relationships of people in society, esp. those relationships involving authority or power
- rape
- The use of force to compel one individual to engage in a sexual act with another.
- reasonnable accommodation
- A reasonable accommodation is an adjustment made in a system to "accommodate" or make fair the same system for an individual based on a proven need.
- religious rites
- An established ceremony prescribed by a religion.
- revolution
- An overthrow or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed.
- self-esteem
- Pride in oneself; self-respect.
- slavery
- A system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work.
- social democracy
- the beliefs, principles, practices, or programme of a Social Democratic Party or of social democrats
- social inequality
- Social inequality is characterized by the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for different social positions or statuses within a group or society.
- social stratification
- A concept involving the "classification of people into groups based on shared socio-economic conditions.
- socialism
- system or theory where each people are equal and live in community and there's no capitalism
- socialization
- A continuing process whereby an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behavior, and social skills appropriate to his or her social position.
- sociology
- the study of the development, organization, functioning, and classification of human societies
- soft power
- A concept to describe the ability to attract and co-opt rather than coerce, use force or give money as a means of persuasion.
- transcontinental railroad
- A contiguous network of railroad trackage that crosses a continental land mass with terminals at different oceans or continental borders.
- underdevelopment
- In economics, underdevelopment is when resources are not used to their full socio-economic potential, with the result that local or regional development is slower in most cases than it should be.
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- A declaration that arose directly from the experience of the Second World War and represents the first global expression of rights to which all human beings are inherently entitled.
- urbanization
- to make (esp. a predominantly rural area or country) more industrialized and urban
- wage labour
- the socioeconomic relationship between a worker and an employer, where the worker sells their labour under a formal or informal employment contract.
- working class
- A social class of industrial societies broadly composed of people involved in manual occupations
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